In the intricate geopolitical tapestry of the Balkans, the actions and policies of the United States towards Serbia and Kosovo reveal a troubling paradox. At the heart of this issue lies a stark contrast: the appeasement of a Kremlin-aligned Serbia and the apparent sidelining of the Republic of Kosovo, a steadfast ally committed to democratic values and aligned with American interests.
The leadership of Serbia under President Aleksandar Vucic, a figure who emerged from the notorious Milosevic regime, symbolises a disconcerting trend. The Milosevic regime, responsible for the deaths of nearly 250,000 people across the Balkans within a decade, including 13,517 in Kosovo alone, is a dark chapter in the region’s history. The regime’s legacy is characterised not just by the loss of life, but also by the displacement of over 800,000 Albanian civilians and the destruction of 120,000 homes and 600 religious buildings in Kosovo. Vucic, having served as the Minister of Information during Milosevic’s rule, now leads Serbia with a foreign policy that increasingly echoes Kremlin’s directives, as evidenced by his support for China’s position on Taiwan and Russia’s aggression in Ukraine.
This alignment with authoritarian regimes is a stark contrast to the democratic aspirations and loyalty of Kosovo. The United States, traditionally a champion of democracy and human rights, appears to be caught in a diplomatic quandary, seemingly prioritising geopolitical considerations over the promotion of democratic values in its Balkan policy.
The recent events preceding the paramilitary incursion in Banjska on September 23, 2023, further complicate this narrative. The abduction of Kosovar policemen by Serbian forces was a flagrant act of aggression, violating international norms and underscoring Serbia’s continued belligerence in the region. This incident, coupled with the subsequent incursion resulting in the death of a Kosovar policeman, is indicative of a broader pattern of hostility from Serbia.
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The United States’ response to these events has been a subject of debate. The strategic decision to declassify Serbian troop movements was a move towards transparency, yet it raises questions about the consistency and resolve of U.S. foreign policy in the Balkans. While this act of declassification may have been intended to apply diplomatic pressure on Serbia, it also reflects a broader issue of how the U.S. navigates its alliances and confronts adversaries in a region marked by historical and ethnic complexities.
Kosovo’s unwavering support for the United States and its democratic trajectory warrants a more robust and unequivocal support from its most powerful ally. The U.S. must reinforce its commitment to Kosovo’s sovereignty and aspirations, while adopting a firmer stance against Serbia’s destabilising actions and alignments. This is not merely a matter of diplomatic preference but a moral imperative, considering the history and sacrifices of the people of Kosovo.
The need for a reinvigorated U.S. strategy in the Balkans is apparent. This strategy must prioritise the support of democratic allies like Kosovo and counter the influence of authoritarian regimes, as represented by Serbia’s current political stance. The U.S. must leverage its diplomatic and economic influence to achieve these objectives, ensuring that its foreign policy aligns with the principles of democracy and human rights.
Furthermore, the U.S. should actively facilitate dialogue and reconciliation efforts in the Balkans. The region’s long standing ethnic and political divisions require sustained and nuanced engagement, promoting cooperation and peace building. The United States, with its global influence and resources, is well-positioned to lead such efforts, advancing stability and democracy in this strategically important region.
In addition to diplomatic engagement, security assistance and cooperation are vital. Strengthening Kosovo’s security capabilities and supporting regional security initiatives can serve as a deterrent against further aggression. Such assistance should align with democratic values and respect for human rights, ensuring that it contributes positively to the region’s stability.
Engagement with European allies and international organisations is also crucial in developing a cohesive and coordinated approach to the Balkans. Working with the European Union, NATO, and other relevant bodies can enhance policy alignment, intelligence sharing, and the implementation of joint initiatives that promote stability and democracy.
Public diplomacy and engagement with civil society in both Serbia and Kosovo are essential in building mutual understanding and trust. Cultural exchanges, educational opportunities, and people-to-people connections can lay the groundwork for long-term reconciliation and cooperation, essential for the region’s peaceful future.
The United States’ approach towards Serbia and Kosovo at this critical juncture needs not just a reassessment but decisive action. Supporting Kosovo, countering Serbia’s tilt towards authoritarianism, and fostering regional dialogue and cooperation are imperative. The U.S. has the opportunity and responsibility to demonstrate that its foreign policy is firmly grounded in its commitment to democracy, justice, and the peace and prosperity of the Balkan region.
Vudi Xhymshiti, founder and chief editor of The Frontliner Magazine, brings a wealth of experience in reporting on global armed conflicts and political issues. With a background in Documentary Photography and Photojournalism from the University of the Arts London, and studies in Political Science, International Relations, and Diplomacy, Vudi skilfully merges human rights insights with dedicated journalism. His ethical and thoughtful reporting has graced top publications like The Guardian and The New York Times. At The Frontliner, launched in 2023, he explores the profound effects of conflicts on law, human rights, and freedoms, continuing his commitment to impactful storytelling.
